Rentgen a rádio pozorování galaxie system Abell 2384 reveals collision of two galaxie clusters that travelled through each other forming a binodal system with a bridge of superhot gas between two cluster lobes and a bend in the bridge due to powerful jet of hot gas shooting away from a super heavy blackhole in the centre of a galaxie v klastru.
To put the whole thing in a perspective, the earth along with other planety and their satellites are part of the ‘stellar system’ of a hvězda called sun. Each hvězda may have such a system comprising of bodies obíhající them. Large number of hvězdy bound together by gravity form a celestial entity called galaxie. For example, our solar system is part of a galaxie called ‘milky way’ which alone has about 100 thousand million hvězdy, each with their own stellar system. Hundreds of galaxies bound together by gravitational field form what we call ‘galaxie cluster’.
"galaxie clusters’ are the largest objects in the vesmír, each comprising of hundreds of galaxies together with vast amount of super-hot gas cloud and large amount of dark matter. The interspersed superhot (30 – 100 million degrees Celsius) gas cloud is invisible to optical telescope but emits x-rays observable by the x-ray telescope. The dark matter does not emit, absorb or reflect any electro-magnetic radiation hence is not observable by any kind of telescope, but only by their gravitational interaction with the ‘white’ matter.
Several hundred million years ago, at a distance of about 1.2 billion light years away from us, two galaxie clusters collided and travelled through each other forming a merger-like system called Abell 2384 or A2384. Located in the constellation capricornus (one of the constellations of Zodiac and is known as ‘goat horn’), Abell 2384 is about 17 million light years across in size with two unequal cluster lobes connected by a three million light-year long bridge of hot gas.
Astronomové získal na to podrobný složený pohled galaxie clusterový systém, Abell 2384 pomocí dat o více vlnových délkách ze tří různých typů zdrojů uvedených níže:
1. Modrá: Rentgenová data z observatoře Chandra X-Ray Observatory (X-ray prostor telescope launched by NASA in 1999) and XMM-Newton (X-ray prostor observatory launched by the European Space Agency in 1999).
2. Purpurová: rádio data from provided by Giant Metre-wave Radio Telescope (GMRT), India.
3. Yellow: Optical data from Digitized Sky Survey (DSS) by space Telescope Science Institute.
The x-ray data obtained from the prostor observatories revealed high-density region extended between the two cluster heads corresponding to the unique hot gas bridge. Radio observation indicated x-ray-radio interaction at the cluster outskirts indicative of a peculiar radio galaxy. The conclusion is that of a powerful jet shooting away from a supermassive černá díra in the centre of a galaxy within the galaxy cluster leading to bend in the shape of the gas bridge.
Toto studium je významné pro rozvíjející se znalostní základnu o růstu a průběhu sloučení galaxie shluky v vesmír. Simulation suggests that the north and south clusters in the system Abell 2384 will eventually merge together with each other.
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Zdroje:
1. United space in Europe (European Space Agency) 2020. Ohnutý most mezi dvěma kupami galaxií. Příspěvek 11. května 2020. Dostupné online na http://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/A_bent_bridge_between_two_galaxy_clusters Zpřístupněno dne 13. května 2020.
2. Chandra X-Ray Observatory (NASA) 2020. Abell 2384: Ohýbání mostu mezi dvěma kupami galaxií. Datum vydání: 11. května 2020. Dostupné online na https://chandra.si.edu/photo/2020/a2384/index.html Zpřístupněno dne 13. května 2020.
3. Parekh V., Lagana TF, et al., 2020. Vzácný případ interakce FR I s horkým rentgenovým mostem v kupě galaxií A2384. MNRAS 491, 2605–2616. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3067
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